Ethics · John Dewey
LITERATURE
For criticisms of Kant's view of reason, see Caird, _Philosophy of Kant_, Vol. II., Book II., ch. ii.; Paulsen, _System of Ethics_, pp. 194-203 and 355-363; Fite, _Introductory Study_, pp. 173-188; Muirhead, _Elements of Ethics_, pp. 112-124. For intuitionalism, see Calderwood, _Handbook of Moral Philosophy_; Maurice, _Conscience_; Whewell, _The Elements of Morality_; Martineau, _Types of Ethical Theory_, Vol. II., pp. 96-115; Mezes, _Ethics_, ch. iii.; Sidgwick, _Methods of Ethics_, Book I., chs. viii.-ix., and Book III. entire, but especially ch. i.; _History of Ethics_, 170-204, and 224-236, and _Lectures on Ethics of Green, Spencer, and Martineau_, 361-374. For the moral sense theory, see Sidgwick, _History of Ethics_, p. 189; Shaftesbury, _Characteristics_; Hutcheson, _System of Moral Philosophy_. For casuistry, see references in Rand's _Bibliography_, Vol. III., Part II., p. 880. For the variability of moral rules, see Locke, _Essay on the Human Understanding_, Book I.; Bain, _Moral Science_, Part I., ch. iii.; Spencer, _Principles of Ethics_, Vol. I., Part II.; Williams, _Review of Evolutional Ethics_, pp. 423-465; Bowne, _Principles of Ethics_, ch. v.; Schurman, _The Ethical Import of Darwinism_; the writings of Westermarck and Hobhouse elsewhere referred to, and Darwin, _Descent of Man_, Part I., chs. iv.-v. For the nature of moral judgment and the function of reason in conduct, see Aristotle, Book III., chs. ii.-iii., and Book VI.; Ladd, _Philosophy of Conduct_, ch. vii.; Sharp, _Essay on Analysis of the Moral Judgment_, in Studies in Philosophy and Psychology (Garman Commemorative Volume); Santayana, _Life of Reason_, Vol. I., chs. x.-xii.; Bryant, _Studies in Character_, Part II., chs. iv.-v. For the social character of conscience, see Cooley, _Human Nature and the Social Order_, ch. x. For sympathy and conscience, see Adam Smith, _Theory of Moral Sentiments_, especially Part III., chs. i. and iv., and Part IV., chs. i.-iii.; Stephen, _Science of Ethics_, pp. 228-238.
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