The English works of Thomas Hobbes of Malmesbury, Volume 04 · Thomas Hobbes
CHAPTER VII.
1. Of delight, pain, love, hatred. 2. Appetite, aversion, fear. 3. Good, evil, pulchritude, turpitude. 4. End, fruition. 5. Profitable, use, vain. 6. Felicity. 7. Good and evil mixed. 8. Sensual delight, and pain; joy and grief. [Sidenote: Of delight, pain, love, hatred.] 1. In the eighth section of the second chapter is shewed, _that conceptions_ and _apparitions_ are nothing _really_, but _motion_ in some internal substance of the _head_; which motion _not stopping_ there, but proceeding to the _heart_, of necessity must there either _help_ or _hinder_ the motion which is called _vital_; when it _helpeth_, it is called _delight_, _contentment_, or _pleasure_, which is nothing really but motion about the heart, as conception is nothing but motion in the head: and the _objects_ that cause it are called _pleasant_ or _delightful_, or by some name equivalent; the Latins have _jucundum_, _a juvando_, from helping; and the same delight, with reference to the object, is called _love_: but when such motion _weakeneth_ or hindereth the vital motion, then it is called _pain_; and in relation to that which causeth it, hatred, which the Latins express sometimes by _odium_, and sometimes by _tædium_. [Sidenote: Appetite, aversion, fear.] 2. This motion, in which consisteth _pleasure_ or _pain_, is also a _solicitation_ or provocation either to draw _near_ to the thing that pleaseth, or to _retire_ from the thing that displeaseth; and this solicitation is the _endeavour_ or internal beginning of _animal_ motion, which when the object _delighteth_, is called _appetite_; when it _displeaseth_, it is called _aversion_, in respect of the displeasure _present_; but in respect of the displeasure _expected_, _fear_. So that _pleasure_, _love_, and _appetite_, which is also called desire, are _divers names_ for divers considerations of the _same thing_.
Text from Project Gutenberg, public domain in the United States.