Concept

Flow (psychology)

Overview

Flow in positive psychology, also known colloquially as being in the zone or focused, is the mental state in which a person performing some activity is fully immersed in a feeling of energized focus, full involvement, and enjoyment in the process of the activity. In essence, flow is characterized by the complete absorption in what one does, and a resulting transformation in one's sense of time. Flow is the melting together of action and consciousness; the state of finding a balance between a skill and how challenging that task is. It requires a high level of concentration. Flow is used as a coping skill for stress and anxiety when productively pursuing a form of leisure that matches one's skill set.

First presented in the 1975 book Beyond Boredom and Anxiety by the Hungarian-American psychologist Mihály Csíkszentmihályi, the concept has been widely referred to across a variety of fields (and is particularly well recognized in occupational therapy).

The flow state shares many characteristics with hyperfocus. However, hyperfocus is not always described in a positive light. Some examples include spending "too much" time playing video games or becoming pleasurably absorbed by one aspect of an assignment or task to the detriment of the overall assignment. In some cases, hyperfocus can "capture" a person, perhaps causing them to appear unfocused or to start several unfinished projects. Hyperfocus is often mentioned "in the context of autism, schizophrenia, and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder – conditions that have consequences on attentional abilities."

Flow is an individual experience and the idea behind flow originated from the sport psychology theory about an Individual Zone of Optimal Functioning. The individuality of the concept of flow suggests that each person has their subjective area of flow, where they would function best given the situation. One is most likely to experience flow at moderate levels of psychological arousal, as one is unlikely to be overwhelmed, but not understimulated to the point of boredom.

Overview adapted from Wikipedia (CC BY-SA 4.0; see the article history for authors).

Possible passages

Found by search and not yet checked by a person; they may only mention the idea in passing.

Timaeus believes that those rivers which fall from the mountains of the Celtic Gaul into the Atlantic produce a tide. For upon their entering upon that sea, they violently press upon it, and so cause the flow; but they disemboguing themselves, there is a cessation of the impetuousness, by which means the ebb is produced. Seleucus the mathematician attributes a motion to the earth; and thus he pronounceth that the…
Plutarch, Complete Works of Plutarch — Volume 3
Names Flow several times; opens on Flow.
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FLOW on, ye lays so loved, so fair, On to Oblivion's ocean flow! May no rapt boy recall you e'er, No maiden in her beauty's glow! My love alone was then your theme, But now she scorns my passion true. Ye were but written in the stream; As it flows on, then, flow ye too! To break one's word is pleasure-fraught, To do one's duty gives a smart; While man, alas! will promise nought, That is repugnant to his heart. Using…
Johann Wolfgang von Goethe, The Poems of Goethe, Translated in the Original Metres
Names Flow several times; opens on Flow.
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Through Thrace and the Thracian Crobyzians flow the rivers Athrys and Noes and Artanes, running into the Ister; and from the Paionians and Mount Rhodope the river Kios, 48 cutting through Haimos in the midst, runs into it also. From the Illyrians the river Angros flows Northwards and runs out into the Triballian plain and into the river Brongos, and the Brongos flows into the Ister; thus the Ister receives both…
Herodotus, The History of Herodotus — Volume 1
Names Flow several times; opens on Flow.
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Philosophers who discussed Flow (psychology)

Related ideas

Opposing perspectives

Pleasure

Place in the tradition

Part of Meaning of life.

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