Concept
Hypothetico-deductive model
Overview
The hypothetico-deductive model or method is a proposed description of the scientific method. According to it, scientific inquiry proceeds by formulating a hypothesis in a form that can be falsifiable, using a test on observable data where the outcome is not yet known. A test outcome that could have and does run contrary to predictions of the hypothesis is taken as a falsification of the hypothesis. A test outcome that could have, but does not run contrary to the hypothesis corroborates the theory. It is then proposed to compare the explanatory value of competing hypotheses by testing how stringently they are corroborated by their predictions.
Overview adapted from Wikipedia (CC BY-SA 4.0; see the article history for authors).
Possible passages
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The conceptions of the method were uncritical. Its applications were the center of attention. The next century undertook to bring order into the concepts, consistency into the doctrine, and rigor into the reasoning. The dominating trend of this movement was logical rather than methodological.
John Dewey, Creative Intelligence
Close in meaning to Hypothetico-deductive model; the term itself is not named.
The subsequent history of logical theory in England is conditioned upon its attempt to combine into one system the theories of empiristic logic with recognition of the procedure of experimental science. This attempt finds its culmination in the logic of John Stuart Mill. Of his interest in and fidelity to the actual procedure of experimental science, as he saw it, there can be no doubt.
John Dewey, Studies in Logical Theory
Close in meaning to Hypothetico-deductive model; the term itself is not named.
Of The Deductive Method. § 1. The mode of investigation which, from the proved inapplicability of direct methods of observation and experiment, remains to us as the main source of the knowledge we possess or can acquire respecting the conditions and laws of recurrence, of the more complex phenomena, is called, in its most general expression, the Deductive Method; and consists of three operations: the first, one of…
John Stuart Mill, A System of Logic, Ratiocinative and Inductive
States what Hypothetico-deductive model is.
Related ideas
- Analogy
- Falsifiability
- Carl Gustav Hempel
- Karl Popper
- Underdetermination
- Logical equivalence
- Hypothesis
- Scientific method
- Confirmation holism
- Formal fallacy
- Inductive reasoning
- Mind (journal)
- Christiaan Huygens
- Bayes' theorem
- Bayesian inference
- Experiment
- Abductive reasoning
- Deductive reasoning
- Affirming the consequent
- Contraposition
- Models of scientific inquiry
- Raven paradox
- John W. N. Watkins
- Strong inference
Place in the tradition
Part of Outline of philosophy.
Narrower topics:
- Affirming the consequent
- Bayesian inference
- Models of scientific inquiry
- John W. N. Watkins
- Strong inference
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