Concept

Naiyayika

Overview

Naiyayika (Sanskrit: नैयायिक , Romanised: Naiyāyika) is referred to a follower of the Nyāya school of the Indian philosophy founded by the Vedic sage Akshapada Gautama. Its plural form is Naiyayikas. The scholar who study and specialises in the field of Nyaya Shastra is known as Naiyayika. The Naiyayikas are also called as logicians.

The main occupations of the Naiyayikas are the investigations of the truth and acquiring correct knowledge through the process of logical reasonings. They accept the validity of the authority of the Vedas. They harmonise their own independent thoughts and concepts with that of the Vedas.

According to Naiyayikas, there are sixteen categories to attain the perfection of correct knowledges. These sixteen categories are pramāṇa, prameya, saṃśaya, prayojana, dṛṣṭānta, siddhānta, avayava, tarka, nirnaya, vāda, jalpa, vitaṇḍā, hetvābhāsa, chhala, jāti, nigrahasthāna. The Naiyayikas consider four types of proof for valid means of knowledge. These four types of proof are.

pratyakṣa

anumāna

upamāna

śabda

Overview adapted from Wikipedia (CC BY-SA 4.0; see the article history for authors).

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1. _The Sanc’hya Philosophy of Capila_. The originator of the Sanc’hya is called Capila, and he was an ancient sage of whom it was said that he was a son of Brahma, and one of the seven great Holy men; others say that he was an incarnation of Vishnu, like his disciple Asuri, and that he was identified with fire. As to the age of the Aphorisms (Sutras) of Capila, Colebrooke can say nothing; he merely mentions that…
Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel, Hegel's Lectures on the History of Philosophy
States what Naiyayika is.
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The ancient teachers define _avyaktam_ as the “equilibrium of the three forces,” one of which is called _Sattva_, the second _Rajas_ and the third _Tamas_. _Tamas_, the lowest force, is that of attraction, a little higher is _Rajas_, that of repulsion, and the highest is the control of these two, _Sattva_, so that when the two forces, attraction and repulsion, are held in perfect control, or balance, by the…
Swami Vivekananda, Jnâna Yoga, Part II
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The comprehension of these we call knowledge; for which reason science is the binary number. But opinion is the ternary; for that rationally follows from comprehension. The objects of opinion are many things, and the ternary number denotes a multitude, as "Thrice happy Grecians"; for which reason Pythagoras admits the ternary. This sect of philosophers is called the Italic, by reason Pythagoras started his school in…
Plutarch, Complete Works of Plutarch — Volume 3
States what Naiyayika is.
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Naiyayika

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