Concept
Two-streams hypothesis
Overview
The two-streams hypothesis is a model of the neural processing of vision as well as hearing. The hypothesis, given its initial characterisation in papers by Leslie Ungerleider and Mortimer Mishkin in 1982 argued that primates possess two distinct visual systems. A decade later, David Milner and Melvyn A. Goodale in 1992, developed this further. Recently there seems to be evidence of two distinct auditory systems as well. As visual information exits the occipital lobe, and as sound leaves the phonological network, it follows two main pathways, or "streams". The ventral stream (also known as the "what pathway") leads to the temporal lobe, which is involved with object and visual identification and recognition. The dorsal stream (or, "where pathway") leads to the parietal lobe, which is involved with processing the object's spatial location relative to the viewer and with speech repetition.
Overview adapted from Wikipedia (CC BY-SA 4.0; see the article history for authors).
Possible passages
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At other times they are both directed towards the object we are viewing, whereby they converge, so as to make the lines proceeding from each eye to the exact point of the object on which it is fixed, form an _angle_, called the _optic angle_; the lines themselves are called _optic axes_. Now, when the object lies straight before us, these lines exactly impinge upon the centre of each retina, therefore in two points…
Arthur Schopenhauer, On the Fourfold Root of the Principle of Sufficient Reason, and On the Will in Nature
States what Two-streams hypothesis is.
As empirically existent, perceived objects never constitute the whole scope of the given; they have a context of indefinite extent in which they are set. To control inference it is necessary to analyze this complex situation--to determine what is data for inference and what is irrelevant. This analysis involves discriminative resolution into more ultimate simples. The resources of experimentation, all sorts of…
John Dewey, Essays in Experimental Logic
States what Two-streams hypothesis is.
This is the extreme of what is called dispersed attention. Between this extreme and the extreme of concentrated attention, in which absorption in the interest of the moment is so complete that grave bodily injuries may be unfelt, there are intermediate degrees, and these have been studied experimentally. The problem is known as that of =The Span of Consciousness.=--How many objects can we attend to at once when they…
William James, Psychology
States what Two-streams hypothesis is.
Related ideas
Place in the tradition
Part of Enactivism.