An Inquiry Into the Nature and Causes of the Wealth of Nations · Adam Smith
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_Faith_, articles of, how regulated by the civil magistrate, 354. _Families_ seldom remain on large estates many generations in commercial countries, 170. _Famine_. See _Dearth_. _Farmers of land_, the several articles that compose their gain distinguished, 22. Require more knowledge and experience than the generality of manufacturers, 53. In what their capitals consist, 112. The great quantity of productive labour put into motion by their capitals, 149. Artificers necessary to them, 156. Their situation better in England than in any other part of Europe, 160. Labour under great disadvantages everywhere, 161. Origin of long leases of farms, 170. Are a class of men least subject to the wretched spirit of monopoly, 187. Were forced by old statutes to become the only dealers in corn, 215. Could not sell corn cheaper than any other corn merchant, 216. Could seldom sell it so cheap, ib. The culture of land obstructed by this division of their capitals, 217. The use of corn-dealers to the farmers, ib. How they contribute to the annual production of the land, according to the French agricultural system of political economy, 275. _Farmers_ of the public revenue, their character, 383, 391. _Feudal government_, miserable state of the occupiers of land under, 137. Trade and interest of money under, ib. Chiefs, their power, 157. Slaves, their situation, 159. Tenures of land, ib. Taxation, 161. Original poverty and servile state of the tradesmen in towns, 162. Immunities seldom granted but for valuable considerations, 163. Origin of free burghs, ib. The power of the barons reduced by municipal privileges, ib. The cause and effect of ancient hospitality, 167. Extensive power of the ancient barons, 168. Was not established in England until the Norman conquest, ib. Was silently subverted by manufactures and commerce, 169.
_Feudal wars_, how supported, 290. Military exercises not well attended to, under, 291. Standing armies gradually introduced to supply the place of the feudal militia, 295. Account of the casualties or taxes under, 363. Revenues under, how enjoyed by the great landholders, 385. _Fairs_, public, in Scotland, the nature of the institution, explained, 76, 77. _Fines_ for the renewal of leases, the motive for exacting them, and their tendency, 349. _Fire-arms_, alteration in the art of war effected by the invention of, 292, 295. The invention of, favourable to the extension of civilisation, 296. _Fish_, the component parts of the price of, explained, 21. The multiplication of, at market, by human industry, both limited and uncertain, 99. How an increase of demand raises the price of fish, 100. _Fisheries_, observations on the tonnage bounties granted to, 211. To the herring fishery ib. The boat fishery ruined by this bounty, 212. _Flanders_, the ancient commercial prosperity of, perpetuated by the solid improvements of agriculture, 172. _Flax_, the component parts of the price of, explained, 21. _Fleetwood_, Bishop, remarks on his Chronicon Pretiosum, 77, 78. _Flour_, the component parts of the price of, explained, 21. _Food_, will always purchase as much labor as it can maintain on the spot, 61. Bread and butcher's meat compared, 62, 63. Is the original source of every other production, 69. The abundance of, constitutes the principal part of the riches of the world, and gives the principal value to many other kinds of riches, 73.
_Forestalling_ and _engrossing_, the popular fear of, like the suspicions of witchcraft, 218. _Forts_, when necessary for the protection of commerce, 306. _France_, fluctuations in the legal rate of interest for money there during the course of the present century, 37, 38. Remarks on the trade and riches of, ib. The nature of apprenticeships there, 51. The propriety of restraining the planting of vineyards examined, 65. Variations in the price of grain there, 73. The money price of labour has sunk gradually with the money price of corn, 84. Foundation of the Mississippi scheme, 130. Little trade or industry to be found in the parliament towns of, 138. Description of the class of farmers called metayers, 159. Laws relating to the tenure of land, 161. Services formerly exacted besides rent, ib. The taille, what, and in operation in checking the cultivation of land, ib. Origin of the magistrates and councils of cities, 164. No direct legal encouragement given to agriculture, 171. Ill policy of M. Colbert's commercial regulations, 189. French goods heavily taxed in Great Britain, 192. The commercial intercourse between France and England, now chiefly carried on by smugglers, ib. The policy of the commercial restraints between France and Britain considered, ib. State of the coinage there, 194. Why the commerce with England has been subjected to discouragement, 202. Foundation of the enmity between these countries, ib. Remarks concerning the seignorage on coin, 225. Standard of the gold coin there, ib.
The trade of the French colonies, how regulated, 237. The government of the colonies conducted with moderation, 241. The sugar colonies of, better governed than those of Britain, ib. The kingdom of, how taxed, 256. The members of the league fought more in defence of their own importance than for any other cause, 258. The present agricultural system of political economy adopted by philosophers there described, 275. Under what direction the funds for the repair of the roads are placed, 305. General state of the roads, ib. The universities badly governed, 319. Remarks on the management of the parliaments of, 335. Measures taken in, to reduce the power of the clergy, 337. Account of the mode of rectifying the inequalities of the predial taille in the generality of Montauban, 352. The personal taille explained, 360. The inequalities in, how remedied, 361. How the personal taille discourages cultivation, ib. The vingtieme, 362. Stamp duties and the controle, 364, 365. The capitation tax, how rated, 367. Restraints upon the interior trade of the country by the local variety of the revenue laws, 382. The duties on tobacco and salt, how levied, 383. The different sources of revenue in, 384. How the finances of, might be reformed, ib. The French system of taxation compared with that in Britain, ib. The nature of tontines explained, 390. Estimate of the whole national debt of, ib. _Frugality_, generally a predominating principle in human nature, 140. _Fuller's earth_, the exportation of why prohibited, 271. _Funds_, British, brief historical view of, 387. Operation of, politically considered, 393. The practice of funding has gradually enfeebled every state that has adopted it, 395. _Fur trade_, the first principles of, 68.
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