An Inquiry Into the Nature and Causes of the Wealth of Nations · Adam Smith
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_Reformation_, rapid progress of the doctrines of, in Germany, 338. In Sweden and Switzerland, ib. In England and Scotland, ib. 339. Origin of the Lutheran and the Calvinistic sects, ib. _Regulated companies_. See _Companies_. _Religion_, the object of instruction in, 330. Advantage the teachers of a new religion enjoy over those of one that is established, ib. Origin of persecutions for heretical opinions, ib. How the zeal of the inferior clergy of the church of Rome is kept alive, ib. Utility of ecclesiastical establishments, 331. How united with the civil power, ib., 332. _Rent_, reserved, ought not to consist of money, 14. But of corn, ib. Of land, constitutes a third part of the price of most kinds of goods, 21. An average rate of, in all countries, and how regulated, 23. Makes the first deduction from the produce of labour employed upon land, 27. The terms of, how adjusted between landlord and tenant, 60, 61. Is sometimes demanded for what is altogether incapable of human improvement, 61. Is paid for, and produced, by land in almost all situations, ib. The general proportion paid for coal mines, 71. And metal mines, ib. Mines of precious stones frequently yield no rent, 73. How paid in ancient times, 76. Is raised, either directly or indirectly, by every improvement in the circumstances of society, 105. Gross and neat rent distinguished, 115. How raised and paid under feudal governments, 137. Present average proportion of, compared with the produce of the land, ib. Of houses distinguished into two parts, 354. Difference between rent of house and rent of land, 355. Rent of a house the best estimate of a tenants circumstances, ib.
_Retainers_, under the feudal system of government described, 167. How the connection between them and their lords was broken, 169. _Revenue_, the original source of, pointed out, 22. Of a country, of what it consists, 115. The neat revenue of a society diminished by supporting a circulating stock of money, 116. Money no part of revenue, 117. Is not to be computed in money, but in what money will purchase, ib. How produced, and how appropriated, in the first instance. 136. Produce of land, ib. Produce of manufactures, ib. Must always replace capital, ib. The proportion between revenue and capital regulates the proportion between idleness and industry, 138. Both the savings and the spendings of, annually, consumed, ib. Of every society, equal to the exchangeable value of the whole produce of its industry, 184. Of the customs, increase by drawbacks, 205. Why government ought not to take the management of turnpikes, to derive a revenue from them, 304. Public works of a local nature always better maintained by provincial revenues than by the general revenue of the state, 306. The abuses in provincial revenues trifling, when compared with those in the revenue of a great empire, ib.
The greater the revenue of the church, the smaller must be that of the state, 341. The revenue of the state ought to be raised proportionably from the whole society, 342. Local expenses ought to be defrayed by a local revenue, 343. Inquiry into the sources of public revenue, ib. Of the republic of Hamburgh, ib., 344. Whether the government of Britain could undertake the management of the bank, to derive a revenue from it, ib. The post office, a mercantile project, well calculated for being managed by government, ib. Princes not well qualified to improve their fortunes by trade, ib. The English East India Company good traders before they became sovereigns, but each character now spoils the other, ib. Expedient of the government of Pennsylvania to raise money, 345. Rent of land the most permanent fund, ib. Feudal revenues, ib. Of Great Britain, ib. Revenue from land proportioned not to the rent but to the produce, 346. Reasons for selling the crown lands, ib., 347. An improved land-tax suggested, 349. The nature and effect of tithes explained, 352. Why a revenue cannot be raised in kind, 353. When raised in money, how affected by different modes of valuation, ib. A proportionable tax on houses the best source of revenue, 355. Remedies for the diminution of, according to their causes, 374. Bad effects of farming out public revenues, 381. The different sources of revenue in France, 384. How expended in the rude state of society, 385.
_Rice_, a very productive article of cultivation, 67. Requires a soil unfit for raising any other kind of food, ib. Rice countries more populous than corn countries, 86. _Riches_, the chief enjoyment of, consists in the parade of, 72, 73. _Risk_, instances of the inattention mankind pay to it, 45. _Roads_, good, the public advantages of, 62. How to be made and maintained, 303. The maintenance of, why improper to be trusted to private interest, 304. General state of, in France, 305. In China, ib. _Romans_, why copper became the standard of value among them, 16. The extravagant prices paid by them for certain luxuries for the table accounted for, 92. The value of silver higher among them than at the present time, ib. The republic of, founded on a division of land among the citizens, 228. The Agrarian law only executed upon one or two occasions, ib. How the citizens who had no land subsisted, ib. Distinction between the Roman and Greek colonies, ib. The improvement of the former slower than that of the latter, 232. Origin of the social war, 257. The republic ruined by extending the privilege of Roman citizens to the greater part of the inhabitants of Italy, 258. When contributions were first raised to maintain those who went to the wars, 290. Soldiers not a distinct profession there, 291. Improvement of the Roman armies by discipline, 294. How that discipline was lost, 295. The fall of the western empire, how effected, ib. Remarks on the education of the ancient Romans, 324. Their morals superior to those of the Greeks, ib. State of law, and forms of justice, 325. The martial spirit of the people, how supported, 329. Great reductions of the coin practised by, at particular exigencies, 396.
_Rome_, modern, how the zeal of the inferior clergy of, is kept alive, 330. The clergy of, one great spiritual army dispersed in different quarters over Europe, 335. Their power during the feudal monkish ages similar to that of the temporal barons, 336. Their power, how reduced, 337. _Rouen_, why a town of great trade, 138. _Ruddiman_, Mr. remarks on his account of the ancient price of wheat in Scotland, 77. _Russia_, was civilized under Peter the Great by a standing army, 296.
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