The Natural History of Pliny, Volume 3 · the Elder Pliny
THE NATURAL HISTORY OF TREES.
1. The honourable place occupied by trees in the system of nature 101 2. The early history of trees 102 3. Exotic trees. When the plane-tree first appeared in Italy, and whence it came 103 4. The nature of the plane-tree 104 5. Remarkable facts connected with the plane-tree _ib._ 6. The chamæplatanus. Who was the first to clip green shrubs 106 7. How the citron is planted _ib._ 8. The trees of India 107 9. When ebony was first seen at Rome. The various kinds of ebony 109 10. The Indian thorn _ib._ 11. The Indian fig _ib._ 12. The pala: the fruit called ariena 110 13. Indian trees, the names of which are unknown. Indian trees which bear flax 111 14. The pepper-tree.—The various kinds of pepper—bregma—zingiberi, or zimpirebi _ib._ 15. Caryophyllon, lycion, and the Chironian pyxacanthus 113 16. Macir 114 17. Sugar _ib._ 18. Trees of Ariana, Gedrosia, and Hyrcania 115 19. Trees of Bactriana, bdellium, or brochon, otherwise malacha, or maldacon, scordastum. Adulterations used in all spices and aromatics; the various tests of them and their respective values _ib._ 20. Trees of Persis 117 21. Trees of the islands of the Persian Sea. The cotton tree _ib._ 22. The tree called cyna. Trees from which fabrics for clothing are made in the east 118 23. A country where the trees never lose their leaves _ib._
24. The various useful products of trees 119 25. Costus _ib._ 26. Nard. The twelve varieties of the plant _ib._ 27. Asarum, or foal-foot 121 28. Amomum.—Amomis 122 29. Cardamomum 123 30. The country of frankincense _ib._ 31. The trees which bear frankincense 125 32. Various kinds of frankincense 126 33. Myrrh 129 34. The trees which produce myrrh 130 35. The nature and various kinds of myrrh _ib._ 36. Mastich 132 37. Ladanum and stobolon _ib._ 38. Enhæmon 134 39. The tree called bratus 135 40. The tree called stobrum _ib._ 41. Why Arabia was called “Happy” 136 42. Cinnamomum. Xylocinnamum 137 43. Cassia 140 44. Cancamum and tarum 141 45. Serichatum and gabalium 142 46. Myrobalanum _ib._ 47. Phœnicobalanus 143 48. The sweet-scented calamus; the sweet-scented rush 144 49. Hammoniacum _ib._ 50. Sphagnos 145 51. Cypros 146 52. Aspalathos, or erysisceptrum _ib._ 53. Maron 147 54. Balsamum; opobalsamum; and xylobalsamum _ib._ 55. Storax 151 56. Galbanum 152 57. Panax _ib._ 58. Spondylium 153 59. Malobathrum _ib._ 60. Omphacium _ib._ 61. Bryon, œnanthe, and massaris 154 62. Elate or spathe 155 63. Cinnamon or comacum _ib._
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