School
Alexis of Russia
Overview
Alexei Mikhailovich (Russian: Алексей Михайлович, IPA: [ɐlʲɪkˈsʲej mʲɪˈxajləvʲɪtɕ]; 19 March [O.S. 9 March] 1629 – 8 February [O.S. 29 January] 1676), also known as Alexis, was Tsar of all Russia from 1645 until his death in 1676. He was the second Russian tsar from the House of Romanov.
He was the first tsar to sign laws on his own authority and his council passed the Sobornoye Ulozheniye of 1649, which strengthened the bonds between autocracy and the lower nobility. In religious matters, he sided closely with Patriarch Nikon during the schism in the Russian Orthodox Church which saw unpopular liturgical reforms.
While finding success in foreign affairs, his reign saw several wars with Iran, Poland (from whom left-bank Ukraine and Smolensk were annexed) and Sweden, as well as internal instabilities such as the Salt Riot in Moscow and the Cossack revolt of Stenka Razin in southern Russia. At the time of his death, Russia spanned almost 8.1 million km2 (3.1 million mi2).
Overview adapted from Wikipedia (CC BY-SA 4.0; see the article history for authors).
Possible passages
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The cannon, colours, and standards, taken in the expedition to Finland, and which had come home in the Russian admiral's ship, were brought on this occasion to Petersburg, and entered that metropolis in order of battle. A triumphal arch, which the czar had caused to be erected, and which, as usual, was made from a model of his own, was decorated with the insignia of his conquests. Under this arch the victors marched…
Voltaire, The History of Peter the Great, Emperor of Russia
Close in meaning to Alexis of Russia; the term itself is not named.
FEBRUARY-AUGUST, 1763, just while the Treaty of Hubertsburg was blessing everybody with the return of Peace, and for long months after Peace had returned to everybody, Polish Majesty was in sore trouble. Trouble in regard to Courland, to his poor Son Karl, who fancied himself elected, under favor and permission of the late Czarina our gracious Protectress and Ally, to the difficult post of Duke in Courland; and had…
Thomas Carlyle, History of Friedrich II of Prussia — Volume 21
Close in meaning to Alexis of Russia; the term itself is not named.
The Emperor attracted strangers in large numbers by the rewards which he gave them, giving some lands, others houses, and encouraging all the arts which might civilize life in that cruel climate. Above all, he made it inaccessible to the enemy. The Swedish generals, who frequently beat his troops in every other district, were not able to do the least harm to this increasing colony. It was at peace in the midst of…
Voltaire, Voltaire's history of Charles XII, king of Sweden
Close in meaning to Alexis of Russia; the term itself is not named.
Related ideas
- Moscow
- Ottoman Empire
- Oliver Cromwell
- Siberia
- Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth
- Epicureanism
- Russian Orthodox Church
- Peter the Great
- Sweden
- Eleventh edition of the Encyclopædia Britannica
- Encyclopædia Britannica
- Fyodor Rtishchev
Place in the tradition
Part of Russian philosophy.