School
Fyodor Rtishchev
Overview
Feodor Mikhailovich Rtishchev (Russian: Фёдор Миха́йлович Рти́щев; April 16, 1625, Chekalinsky uyezd – July 1, 1673, Moscow) was a boyar and an intimate friend of Alexis I of Russia who was renowned for his piety and alms-deeds. He was the founder of the so-called Andreevsky School. It was the first educational institution in Russia, founded as a court circle during the reign of Alexei Mikhailovich.
As Rtischev eschewed publicity, the true extent of his influence on the Tsar's policies has been disputed by historians. It is thought that it was Rtischev who instigated the revision of service-books which led to the Great Schism of the Russian Orthodox Church. Some scholars also hold him responsible for the eventual downfall of Patriarch Nikon.
During the great famine in Vologda (1650), Rtischev sold much of his property, including clothes and house utensils, in order to raise funds for the famine-stricken city. He took care for all the wounded in the Russo-Polish wars, notwithstanding their nationality, and established several alms-houses in Moscow.
Remembered as the earliest patron of Russian education, Rtischev founded one of the first schools in Moscow, where he invited Epiphanius Slavinetsky to instruct the students in Greek language. Rtischev's school is considered as an institution that preceded the establishment of the Slavic Greek Latin Academy in Moscow and, thus, gave impetus to the emergence of higher education in Russia
It is known that Rtischev survived several assassination attempts, and wrote a treatise on falconry. His biography was written by Vasily Klyuchevsky.
Fyodor was a relative of Ustinia Bogdanovna Rtishcheva and her daughter Eudoxia Lopukhina. Eudoxia was chosen by Natalia Naryshkina as the first Tsarina for her son Peter I of Russia due to her relation to Fyodor.
Overview adapted from Wikipedia (CC BY-SA 4.0; see the article history for authors).
Possible passages
Found by search and not yet checked by a person; they may only mention the idea in passing.
The established religion of this country has, ever since the eleventh century, been that of the Greek church, so called in opposition to the Latin; though there were always a greater number of Mahometan and Pagan provinces, than of those inhabited by Christians. Siberia, as far as China, was in a state of idolatry; and, in some of the provinces, they were utter strangers to all kind of religion. Perry, the engineer…
Voltaire, The History of Peter the Great, Emperor of Russia
States what Fyodor Rtishchev is.
At last, after two years of travel and labour which nobody else would have willingly undergone, he reappeared in Russia, bringing thither with him the arts of Europe. A band of artists of all kinds followed him, and then for the first time great Russian vessels were to be seen on the Black Sea, the Baltic, and even on the ocean. Imposing buildings of architectural merit were set up amidst the Russian huts. He…
Voltaire, Voltaire's history of Charles XII, king of Sweden
Close in meaning to Fyodor Rtishchev; the term itself is not named.
Kautsky began to cause serious mistrust in his own school during the period of his revolutionary culmination, at the time of the first Russian Revolution, when he recognized as necessary the seizure of power by the Russian Social-Democracy, and attempted to inoculate the German working class with his theoretical conclusions from the experience of the general strike in Russia. The collapse of the first Russian…
Leon Trotsky, Dictatorship vs. Democracy
Close in meaning to Fyodor Rtishchev; the term itself is not named.
Related ideas
Place in the tradition
Part of Russian philosophy.