Argument
Disjunctive syllogism
Overview
In classical logic, disjunctive syllogism (historically known as modus tollendo ponens (MTP), Latin for "mode that affirms by denying") is a valid argument form which is a syllogism having a disjunctive statement for one of its premises.
An example in English:
I will choose soup or I will choose salad.
I will not choose soup.
Therefore, I will choose salad.
Overview adapted from Wikipedia (CC BY-SA 4.0; see the article history for authors).
Possible passages
Found by search and not yet checked by a person; they may only mention the idea in passing.
The logical determination of a conception is based upon a disjunctive syllogism, the major of which contains the logical division of the extent of a general conception, the minor limits this extent to a certain part, while the conclusion determines the conception by this part. The general conception of a reality cannot be divided à priori, because, without the aid of experience, we cannot know any determinate kinds…
Immanuel Kant, The Critique of Pure Reason
Names Disjunctive syllogism several times; opens on Disjunctive syllogism.
In the common logic, the doctrine of syllogism is supposed to conclude the first part, or what is called the 'elementary' theory. It is followed by the second part, the doctrine of Method, which proposes to show how a body of scientific knowledge is created by applying to existing objects the forms of thought discussed in the elementary part.
Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel, The Logic of Hegel
States what Disjunctive syllogism is.
These are the uses of syllogism, as a mode of verifying any given argument. Its ulterior uses, as respects the general course of our intellectual operations, hardly require illustration, being in fact the acknowledged uses of general language.
John Stuart Mill, A System of Logic, Ratiocinative and Inductive
Close in meaning to Disjunctive syllogism; the term itself is not named.
Related ideas
- Argument
- Intuitionistic logic
- Law of noncontradiction
- Latin
- Propositional logic
- Modus ponens
- Validity (logic)
- Reductio ad absurdum
- Rule of inference
- Theorem
- Inference
- Logical form
- Logical consequence
- Metalogic
- Formal system
- Paraconsistent logic
- Tautology (logic)
- Syllogism
- Taylor & Francis
- Classical logic
- Logical disjunction
- Premise
- English language
- Law of thought
Place in the tradition
Part of Classical logic.