Argument
Syllogism
Overview
type of logical argument
Overview adapted from Wikipedia (CC BY-SA 4.0; see the article history for authors).
In the original texts
Passages from public-domain books where Syllogism is discussed.
The Syllogism, it is said, is the process of proving the judgment. And certainly the judgment does in every case refer us to the Syllogism. The step from the one to the other however is not brought about by our subjective action, but by the judgment itself which puts itself as Syllogism, and in the conclusion returns to the unity of the notion. The precise point by which we pass to the Syllogism is found in the…
Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel, The Logic of Hegel
names the idea; states what it is; opens on it
Cognition from principles, then, is that cognition in which I cognize the particular in the general by means of conceptions. Thus every syllogism is a form of the deduction of a cognition from a principle. For the major always gives a conception, through which everything that is subsumed under the condition thereof is cognized according to a principle.
Immanuel Kant, The Critique of Pure Reason
states what it is; names the idea; author linked in the graph
The predicate of the conclusion is called the major term of the syllogism; the subject of the conclusion is called the minor term. As there can be but three terms, the major and minor terms must each be found in one, and only one, of the premises, together with the middle term which is in them both.
John Stuart Mill, A System of Logic, Ratiocinative and Inductive
names the idea; states what it is; opens on it
OF THE FUNCTIONS AND LOGICAL VALUE OF THE SYLLOGISM. § 1. We have shown what is the real nature of the truths with which the Syllogism is conversant, in contradistinction to the more superficial manner in which their import is conceived in the common theory; and what are the fundamental axioms on which its probative force or conclusiveness depends. We have now to inquire, whether the syllogistic process, that of…
John Stuart Mill, A System of Logic
names the idea; states what it is; opens on it
The nature of thought proper, that is to say, of the judgment and the syllogism, must be exhibited in the combination of the spheres of concepts, according to the analogy of the special schema, in the way shown above; and from all this the rules of the judgment and the syllogism are to be deduced by construction.
Arthur Schopenhauer, The World as Will and Idea
states what it is; names the idea; opens on it
Philosophers who discussed Syllogism
- John Scotus Eriugena
- Je Tsongkhapa
- Al-Farabi
- Boethius
- Anselm of Canterbury
- Nagarjuna
- Parmenides
- Peter Singer
- Ibn Taymiyya
- Aristotle
- Bhāviveka
- Chrysippus
- Averroes
- Oliver Wendell Holmes Jr.
- Charles Sanders Peirce
- Kenneth Burke
- Buddhapālita
- William of Sherwood
- Francisco Sanches
- William of Heytesbury
- Rudolph Goclenius
- Jan of Głogów
- Julio Cabrera (philosopher)
- Gómez Pereira
Related ideas
- First-order logic
- Francis Bacon
- Argument
- Immanuel Kant
- Categories (Aristotle)
- Posterior Analytics
- Jean Buridan
- Predicate (grammar)
- Middle Ages
- Stoicism
- Boethius
- Validity (logic)
- Socrates
- Bernard Bolzano
- Aristotle
- Term logic
- Susanne Bobzien
- Modal logic
- Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy
- Formal fallacy
- Peter Abelard
- Logical consequence
- George Boole
- Inductive reasoning
Place in the tradition
Part of American philosophy.