Method
Instructional design
Overview
Instructional design (ID), also known as instructional systems design and originally known as instructional systems development (ISD), is the practice of systematically designing, developing and delivering instructional materials and experiences, both digital and physical, in a consistent and reliable fashion toward an efficient, effective, appealing, engaging and inspiring acquisition of knowledge. The process consists broadly of determining the state and needs of the learner, defining the end goal of instruction, and creating some "intervention" to assist in the transition. The outcome of this instruction may be directly observable and scientifically measured or completely hidden and assumed.
Learning theories also play an important role in the design of instructional materials. Theories such as behaviorism, constructivism, social learning, and cognitivism help shape and define the outcome of instructional materials.There are numerous instructional design models, but many are based on the ADDIE model with its five phases: analysis, design, development, implementation, and evaluation.
Overview adapted from Wikipedia (CC BY-SA 4.0; see the article history for authors).
Possible passages
Found by search and not yet checked by a person; they may only mention the idea in passing.
There is something fresh, something not capable of being fully anticipated by even the most experienced teacher, in the ways they go at the topic, and in the particular ways in which things strike them. Too often all this is brushed aside as irrelevant; pupils are deliberately held to rehearsing material in the exact form in which the older person conceives it. The result is that what is instinctively original in…
John Dewey, Democracy and Education
States what Instructional design is.
The child is already intensely active, and the question of education is the question of taking hold of his activities, of giving them direction. Through direction, through organized use, they tend toward valuable results, instead of scattering or being left to merely impulsive expression. If we keep this before us, the difficulty I find uppermost in the minds of many people regarding what is termed the new education…
John Dewey, The School and Society Being three lectures
States what Instructional design is.
To continue these suggestions much further, would be to write a detailed treatise on education, which we do not purpose. The foregoing outlines of plans for exercising the perceptions in early childhood, for conducting object-lessons, for teaching drawing and geometry, must be considered simply as illustrations of the method dictated by the general principles previously specified. We believe that on examination they…
Herbert Spencer, Essays on education and kindred subjects
Close in meaning to Instructional design; the term itself is not named.
Related ideas
- Cognition
- Motivation
- Stanford University
- World War II
- Attitude (psychology)
- B. F. Skinner
- Behaviorism
- Lev Vygotsky
- Jean Piaget
- Cognitivism (psychology)
- Affect (psychology)
Place in the tradition
Part of Situated cognition.