Concept

Nafs

Overview

Quranic Arabic word for the "self"

Overview adapted from Wikipedia (CC BY-SA 4.0; see the article history for authors).

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The Quran says: “Nafs that art at rest. Return to thy Lord well pleased with Him, well pleasing.” When it upbraids man for his actions it is called _conscience_ (Nafsi lauwama). When it freely indulges in the gratification of his passions, it is called _the inordinate self_ (Nafsi ammara).
Ghazzali, Some religious and moral teachings of Al-Ghazzali
States what Nafs is; names Nafs twice.
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Although the two roots naẓab and yaẓab are distinct, yet their meaning is, as you know, identical in all their various forms. The verb has several meanings: in some instances it signifies “to stand” or “to place oneself,” as “And his sister stood (va-tetaẓẓab) afar off” (Exod. ii. 4); “The kings of the earth set themselves” (yityaẓẓebu) (Ps. ii. 2); “They came out and stood” (niẓẓabim) (Num. xvi. 27). In other…
Moses Maimonides, The guide for the perplexed
States what Nafs is.
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Behind thy thoughts and feelings, my brother, there is a mighty lord, an unknown sage—it is called Self; it dwelleth in thy body, it is thy body. There is more sagacity in thy body than in thy best wisdom. And who then knoweth why thy body requireth just thy best wisdom? Thy Self laugheth at thine ego, and its proud prancings.
Friedrich Wilhelm Nietzsche, Thus Spake Zarathustra
States what Nafs is; the author is tied to Nafs in the knowledge graph.
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